SOURCE OF LAW
There
are two sources of law
v
Islamic Source Of Law
·
Quran
·
Sunnah
·
Ijma
·
Qiyas
v
Western Source Of Law
·
Presidents
·
Legislation
·
Agreements
·
Customs
Quran:
The Quran is the first and most important source of Islamic law.
Quran was revealed to holy prophet
Muhammad (SAW) through
angel Gabriel in Mecca and Madina over a period of 23 years.
Reference with constitution
According to Article
227, constitution Islamic
republic of Pakistan
that all the laws shall be made according to Quran and Sunnah.
Authority
God promised
in the Quran to protect and preserve the Quran.
Many Ayat of the holy Quran specific mention
is there that there will be no tempering and that is heavenly book will remain protected
from any allegation. It is stated that “We have sent Quran, and we are its protector and caretaker”.
Meaning
The word Quran is
derived from the Arabic
word “Qura” which means “To Read”. It means something
that is read from a book or
recited from memory by an extremely large number of people.
Summary of collection of Quran
Prophet Muhammad
SAW was the first to write down the Quran revealed to him and when he left us, the whole Quran was completely
written. Although not in one book but o pieces of woods, papers, Palm and leaves etc.
It was the first Khalifa
Abu-Bakkar RA who collected the Quran into one
book and then with Hazrat
Umar RA.
Quran as a
Primary Source of Islamic Law:
Quran
is the primary source of Islamic law in which Allah Almighty has says in Quran
Surrah Al-Nissa, Verse No 59
“Oh
you who believe obey Allah and obey the messenger and those charged with
authority and if you defer anything among you then go the saying of Allah and
his Prophet”
Law Derived From Quran:
Fundamental
Belief
Islamic Practices
Distinguish Between Halal
and Haram
Punishment of Crimes
Law of Inheritance
Fundamental Believes:
The
fundamental belief are derived from Quran as Allah has said in Surah Al- Bakara, verse
177
“It is righteous
to believe in Allah and the last day and the angels
and the books and the messengers.”
Islamic Practices:
Prayer
Zakat
Fasting
Hajj
Prayers:
Salah or Salaat
which means Prayer is the second
of the pillars of Islam. Practicing prayers five time a day is the Islamic law and it must be obey.
Zakat:
Zakat was made compulsory in 2 Hijri. It is the Islamic law to pay Zakat 2.5% on your extra saved
money.
Fasting:
Fasting was made compulsory on 10th Shaban
2A.H.
Surah Al-Bakara (verse 183)
“Oh you who believe fasting
is prescribed to you”
Hajj:
Hajj was made compulsory in 9
Hijri.
Surah Al-Bakara (verse 196)
“Complete hajj and Umrah in the service of Allah”.
Distinguish Between The Haram And Halal:
Allah said in Surah Al-Bakara (verse 168)
“Oh you people
eat of what is on earth lawful
and good and do not follow the foot step of Satan
for he is your open Enemy”.
Punishment Of Crimes:
Theft:
Allah has said in Surah Al-Maida (verse 38)
“As to the theft Male or Female
cutting of his/her
hand”.
Adultery:
Allah has said in Surah Noor (verse 2)
“The woman and man guilty of adultery
flog each of them with the hundred
stripes”.
Murder:
Allah has said in Surah Al-Bakara (verse 178)
“Oh you people
believe the law of equality
is prescribed to you in case of murder. The free from free, the slave for
slave and the woman for woman”.
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