SUNNAH
Introduction
Sunnah is the second
primary source of Islamic Law. Sunnah is the action
and behavior of our Prophet SAW. His life is code of conduct for
all of us and it is closely
related to Quran.
(If the Mujtahid
doesn’t find a text in the Quran for a case, he has to look at in Sunnah. In other words
we can say that the follow
steps of Holy Prophet SAW known
as Sunnah.)
Meaning
The word Sunnah has been derived from Arabic
word “Sanan” which means “Tradition or Way or Straight path”.
The Sunnah is made up of the words and actions
of Holy Prophet
SAW.
In light of Quran:
In light of Quran Allah has says:
Allah says in Quran in Surah Al-Nisa (verse 80)
“Who obey the messenger
has obeyed Allah”.
Allah says in Quran
in Surah Hashar (verse 7)
“And whatever the messenger gives you take it and whatever he forbids
you leave it”.
Allah also said in Surrah Ahzab (verse 21)
“You
have indeed in the Messenger of Allah a beautiful pattern of conduct”.
Classification:
v Sunnah are classified into two types:
·
By nature
·
By written
records
By Nature:
According to its nature Sunnah has following types:
·
Sunnah-Al-Qaliah
·
Sunnah-Al-Failiyah
·
Sunnah-Al-Taqreeyah
Sunnah-Al-Qawliah:
Qawaliah word is derived
from “Qawi” which means Sayings.
The sayings of Muhammad
Prophet SAW are noted by the companion are known as Sunnah
Al- Qawaliah.
·
Examples:
·
A good man treats women with honor.
·
The greatest of richness is the richness
of the soul.
·
The best among
you is the one who doesn’t harm others with his tongue
and hands. 2: Sunnah Al-Failiyah
Sunnah-Al-Failiyah:
The action of holy prophet SAW including both religious and social actions.
·
Example:
·
The first important
thing that the holy prophet
SAW did was creating unity. He created
the spirit of brotherhood.
Sunnah-Al-Taqreeyah:
The approvals of the holy prophet SAW reading the actions of the companions which occurred in two different
ways.
ü
When Muhammad SAW kept silent for an action and didn’t oppose it.
ü When the holy prophet
SAW showed his pleasure and smiled for a companion actions.
By Written Record:
Sunnah may also be classified according
its written record:
·
Mashoor
·
Aziz
·
Gareeb
·
Mutassil
Mashoor:
The hadith which is handed
down by at least three narrators.
Aziz:
The hadith
which is transmitted to at least two narrators
are known as Aziz
·
Example:
·
“No one amongst
you is a Momin until
and unless I am dearer
to him then his father,
children and everybody”.
Gareeb:
The hadith in which link of transmission is joined to another at certain point by one transmitter only.
·
Example:
·
“Indeed deeds are as per intention”.
·
From the generation of Sahaabah only Umar RA has narrated this hadith”.
Mutassil:
A hadith which is reported
numerous by different narrators and through
valid chain of transmission.
The narrators reporting it with the same words and have no gap
of generation.
·
Example:
·
One who attributes
a lie to me deliberately should find his self in hell.
This hadith has been narrated more than 70 companion with same words.
Law Derived From Sunnah:
There are many laws mentioned in the Quran but not define well so the Prophet SAW explained these
very well for his Umah.
Method of Islamic
Practices:
The following Islamic
method are explain
by holy prophet
SAW.
Pray:
(In Quran it is only mentioned that pray your prayers.)
The prayer is one of the five pillars of Islam
which our prophet SAW had explained to the people, verbally
and practically. He obligated us to copy him in his prayers,
sayings. Pray as you have seen me praying.
Zakat:
All the Muslims eligible
to pat it must 2.5% of their wealth. We know this because of Sunnah.
Method of Wazo:
It is obligatory to wash the arms, face and
the feet three time at wazo. We know how to perform a proper wazo because of Sunnah. Our holy
prophet SAW said that use less amount
of water during wazo.
Method of Tayyamum:
Tayyamum is the Islamic
Act of dry ablution using a sand or
dust, which may be performed on a place where we don’t have clean
water for wazo and this is explained in Sunnah.
Method of Jihad:
Quran tell us about Jihad that fight in the way of Allah against
those who fight against you and the prophet SAW said that did not kill
female, children and old people during your fight in the way of Allah.
LAW’s From Sunnah:
Explanation of Haram and Halal:
In Islam ALLAH has made some edible thing prohibited and
other are permissible. The messenger of Allah The holy Prophet
SAW forbade to eat the meat of any bird which
hurt with its claws.
Addition in the rules of Marriage:
The holy prophet SAW forbade marrying
a women then her
paternal aunt, or a paternal
aunt then her brother’s daughter. This law is
known us through Sunnah.
Addition is the rule of punishment of Adultery:
In Quran it is clear that the woman
and man guilty of adultery
flog each of them with 100 stripes.
On the bases of saying and action attributed to the prophet SAW Islamic
jurisprudence imposed stoning
punishment for certain
forms of adultery.
Addition in the rule of Theft:
The theft must be an adult.
When a minor child
steals for the first and second
time He is forgiven but if he did
for the third time he will
be strictly warn and beaten. Or if he did again and again so his fingers will
be cut down.
In Quran Allah said that as to
the theft cutting his and her hand (Surah Al-maida verse 38). But our holy prophet
said that for minor there is
no cutting of hand.
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